Performing CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations using Spring Boot and JPA (Java Persistence API).

Category : Spring Boot | Sub Category : Spring Boot | By Prasad Bonam Last updated: 2023-08-07 13:10:19 Viewed : 700

Performing CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations using Spring Boot and JPA (Java Persistence API).

Provide you with a simple example of performing CRUD (Create, Read, Update, Delete) operations using Spring Boot and JPA (Java Persistence API). In this example, we will create a basic application to manage a list of "tasks".

1. Project Setup: Create a new Spring Boot project using your preferred IDE or Spring Initializr. Add the following dependencies: "Spring Web", "Spring Data JPA", and your preferred database driver (e.g., H2 for an in-memory database or MySQL for a real database).

2. Task Entity: Create an entity class for the "Task" with the necessary annotations for JPA mapping. This class will represent the data you want to store in the database.

javaCopy code
import javax.persistence.*;

@Entity
@Table(name = "tasks")
public class Task {

    @Id
    @GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY)
    private Long id;

    private String title;
    private boolean completed;

    // getters and setters
}

3. Task Repository: Create a JPA repository interface to perform database operations on the "Task" entity.

javaCopy code
import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;

@Repository
public interface TaskRepository extends JpaRepository<Task, Long> {
}

4. Service Layer: Create a service class to encapsulate business logic. Here, we will define methods for creating, reading, updating, and deleting tasks.

javaCopy code
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

@Service
public class TaskService {

    private final TaskRepository taskRepository;

    @Autowired
    public TaskService(TaskRepository taskRepository) {
        this.taskRepository = taskRepository;
    }

    public List<Task> getAllTasks() {
        return taskRepository.findAll();
    }

    public Optional<Task> getTaskById(Long id) {
        return taskRepository.findById(id);
    }

    public Task createTask(Task task) {
        return taskRepository.save(task);
    }

    public Task updateTask(Task task) {
        return taskRepository.save(task);
    }

    public void deleteTask(Long id) {
        taskRepository.deleteById(id);
    }
}

5. Controller: Create a REST controller to handle incoming HTTP requests and interact with the service layer.

javaCopy code
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.http.HttpStatus;
import org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;

import java.util.List;
import java.util.Optional;

@RestController
@RequestMapping("/tasks")
public class TaskController {

    private final TaskService taskService;

    @Autowired
    public TaskController(TaskService taskService) {
        this.taskService = taskService;
    }

    @GetMapping
    public List<Task> getAllTasks() {
        return taskService.getAllTasks();
    }

    @GetMapping("/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<Task> getTaskById(@PathVariable Long id) {
        Optional<Task> task = taskService.getTaskById(id);
        return task.map(value -> new ResponseEntity<>(value, HttpStatus.OK))
                .orElseGet(() -> new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND));
    }

    @PostMapping
    public Task createTask(@RequestBody Task task) {
        return taskService.createTask(task);
    }

    @PutMapping("/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<Task> updateTask(@PathVariable Long id, @RequestBody Task task) {
        if (!taskService.getTaskById(id).isPresent()) {
            return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
        }
        task.setId(id);
        return new ResponseEntity<>(taskService.updateTask(task), HttpStatus.OK);
    }

    @DeleteMapping("/{id}")
    public ResponseEntity<Void> deleteTask(@PathVariable Long id) {
        if (!taskService.getTaskById(id).isPresent()) {
            return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND);
        }
        taskService.deleteTask(id);
        return new ResponseEntity<>(HttpStatus.NO_CONTENT);
    }
}

6. Application Properties: Configure your database connection settings in the application.properties or application.yml file, depending on your preference and database choice.

Example application.properties for H2 in-memory database:

propertiesCopy code
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:mem:testdb
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=org.h2.Driver
spring.datasource.username=sa
spring.datasource.password=
spring.h2.console.enabled=true
spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update

7. Run the Application: Run your Spring Boot application. You can access the H2 database console by visiting http://localhost:8080/h2-console (if you have configured H2) and the REST endpoints at http://localhost:8080/tasks.

Remember, this example is meant to illustrate the basic concepts of performing CRUD operations using Spring Boot and JPA. In a real-world application, you might want to add validation, error handling, security, and other features to make your application more robust.